Towards Transparent and Secure Elections: The Legal Landscape of Digital Electoral Systems in Indonesia

Abstract

Background: This research explores the transformation of Indonesia's electoral process through digitalization and examines its implications for governance and legal frameworks. The study highlights the urgency of adopting technologies such as e-voting, e-recapitulation, and digital logistic systems to improve transparency, efficiency, and accountability in elections.

Methodology: A normative-juridical approach was employed, utilizing primary legal sources, secondary literature, and case studies to analyze the legal and technical challenges posed by the integration of technology in elections.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to assess the adequacy of Indonesia's existing legal frameworks, particularly Law No. 7 of 2017 on Elections, in accommodating digital election practices. It also aimed to identify regulatory gaps and propose legal reforms to support the adoption of digital technologies while safeguarding data privacy and cybersecurity.

Findings: It indicates that while digital technologies have enhanced the efficiency and accessibility of electoral processes, they also expose vulnerabilities such as data security breaches, disinformation campaigns, and legal ambiguities regarding the legitimacy of digital results. Furthermore, the study identifies the need for comprehensive legal reforms to address these issues and ensure the integrity of elections.

Originality/Novelty: This research contributes novel insights into the legal complexities of digital elections and offers a framework for regulatory improvements. By addressing gaps in existing laws and promoting adaptive governance, it provides a foundation for strengthening democratic practices in the digital era.